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ScienceDaily Technology Headlines -- for Tuesday, February 14, 2012

2012-02-14T02:27:00.001-08:00

ScienceDaily Technology Headlines

for Tuesday, February 14, 2012

Welcome to another edition of ScienceDaily's email newsletter. You can change your subscription options or unsubscribe at any time.

Large Hadron Collider to run at 4 TeV per beam in 2012 (February 13, 2012) -- CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, has announced that the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will run with a beam energy of 4 TeV this year, 0.5 TeV higher than in 2010 and 2011. ... > full story

Unique testbed soon will be in space (February 13, 2012) -- New and improved ways for future space travelers to communicate will be tested on the International Space Station after a launch later this year from Japan. The SCaN Testbed, or Space Communications and Navigation Testbed, was designed and built at NASA's Glenn Research Center over the last three years. ... > full story

Planck all-sky images show cold gas and strange haze in Milky Way galaxy (February 13, 2012) -- New images from the Planck mission show previously undiscovered islands of star formation and a mysterious haze of microwave emissions in our Milky Way galaxy. The views give scientists new treasures to mine and take them closer to understanding the secrets of our galaxy. ... > full story

Engineers create tandem polymer solar cells that set record for energy-conversion (February 13, 2012) -- Researchers in California report that they have significantly enhanced polymer solar cells' performance by building a device with a new "tandem" structure that combines multiple cells with different absorption bands. The device had a certified power-conversion efficiency of 8.62 percent and set a world record in July 2011. After the researchers incorporated a new infrared-absorbing polymer material into the device, the device's architecture proved to be widely applicable and the power-conversion efficiency jumped to 10.6 percent -- a new record -- as certified by the U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory. ... > full story

Molecular carpet: Startling results in synthetic chemistry (February 13, 2012) -- Swiss scientists have created a minor sensation in synthetic chemistry. The team of scientists succeeded for the first time in producing regularly ordered planar polymers that form a kind of 'molecular carpet' on a nanometer scale. ... > full story

Researchers develop method to examine batteries -- from the inside (February 12, 2012) -- Researchers have developed methodology, based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to examine batteries without destroying them. Their technique creates the possibility of improving battery performance and safety by serving as a diagnostic of its internal workings. ... > full story

Putting the squeeze on planets outside our solar system (February 11, 2012) -- Using high-powered lasers, scientists have discovered that molten magnesium silicate undergoes a phase change in the liquid state, abruptly transforming to a more dense liquid with increasing pressure. The research provides insight into planet formation. ... > full story

Finding love has no expiration date: People over 60 are fastest growing demographic in online dating (February 11, 2012) -- People may think that online dating is only for the young, but individuals over the age of 60 are the fastest growing demographic in online dating. However, they may be looking for different qualities in their relationships than their younger counterparts. ... > full story

New method for creating tissue engineering scaffolds (February 10, 2012) -- Researchers have developed a new method for creating scaffolds for tissue engineering applications, providing an alternative that is more flexible and less time-intensive than current technology. ... > full story

Protein libraries in a snap (February 10, 2012) -- One undergraduate student will depart university with not only a degree but also a possible patent for his invention of an efficient way to create protein libraries, an important component of biomolecular research. ... > full story

Numeracy: The educational gift that keeps on giving? (February 10, 2012) -- Cancer risks. Investment alternatives. Calories. Numbers are everywhere in daily life, and they figure into all sorts of decisions. A new article examines how people who are numerate -- that's like literacy, but for numbers -- understand numbers better and process information differently so that they ultimately make more informed decisions. ... > full story

Hovering not hard if you're top-heavy (February 10, 2012) -- Top-heavy structures are more likely to maintain their balance while hovering in the air than are those that bear a lower center of gravity, researchers have found. Their findings are counter to common perceptions that flight stability can be achieved only through a relatively even distribution of weight—and may offer new design principles for hovering aircraft. ... > full story

A mineral way to catalysis? (February 10, 2012) -- Catalytic materials, which lower the energy barriers for chemical reactions, are used in everything from the commercial production of chemicals to catalytic converters in car engines. However, with current catalytic materials becoming increasingly expensive, scientists are exploring viable alternatives. ... > full story

Domestic consumption main contributor to Africa's growing E-waste problem (February 10, 2012) -- A new report sheds light on current recycling practices and on socio-economic characteristics of the E-waste sector in West Africa. In the five countries studied, between 650,000 and 1,000,000 tons of domestic E-waste are generated each year, which need to be managed to protect human health and the environment in the region. ... > full story

Better tooth fillings? Materials that shrink when heated (February 10, 2012) -- New research holds promise for applications ranging from high-precision optical components to tooth fillings. ... > full story

What lies beneath: Mapping hidden nanostructures within materials, and perhaps cells (February 10, 2012) -- A new method to map nanostructures within materials may lead to biological imaging of the internal organization of cells. ... > full story

Accounting for missing meson particles (February 10, 2012) -- Measurements from high-energy collision experiments lead to a better understanding of why meson particles disappear. ... > full story

Electrical engineers build 'no-waste' laser (February 9, 2012) -- Researchers have built the smallest room-temperature nanolaser to date, as well as an even more startling device: a highly efficient, "thresholdless" laser that funnels all its photons into lasing, without any waste. ... > full story

New method makes culture of complex tissue possible in any lab (February 9, 2012) -- Scientists have developed a new method for making scaffolds for culturing tissue in three-dimensional arrangements that mimic those in the body. This advance allows the production of tissue culture scaffolds containing multiple structurally and chemically distinct layers using common laboratory reagents and materials. ... > full story

New integrated building model may improve fish farming operations (February 9, 2012) -- Those who have ventured to turn a vacant barn or garage into an aquaculture business have too often been defeated by high energy and feed costs, building-related woes and serious environmental problems. Now researchers are melding building design, fish ecology and aquaculture engineering techniques into a first-of-its-kind "building-integrated aquaculture" (BIAq) model to offer an affordable, more holistic and sustainable approach to indoor fish production located close to markets and able to succeed even in cold climates. ... > full story

An economic analysis of emerald ash borer management options (February 9, 2012) -- A new study examines several options for managing the emerald ash borer, an invasive insect that is destroying US ash trees. ... > full story

'Dark plasmons' transmit energy (February 9, 2012) -- Microscopic channels of gold nanoparticles have the ability to transmit electromagnetic energy that starts as light and propagates via "dark plasmons," according to researchers. ... > full story

Potential for incorrect relationship identification in new forensic familial searching techniques (February 9, 2012) -- New research suggests that unrelated individuals may be mistakenly identified as genetic family members due to inaccurate genetic assumptions. This is particularly relevant when considering familial searching: a new technique which extends forensic identification to family members of individuals with profiles in offender/arrestee DNA databases. In a new study, researchers show that false familial identification may be more likely for individuals with particular genetic backgrounds; for example, in the USA, those of Asian or Native American descent. ... > full story

Hydrogen from acidic water: Potential low cost alternative to platinum for splitting water (February 9, 2012) -- A technique for creating a new molecule that structurally and chemically replicates the active part of the molybdenite catalyst paves the way for developing catalytic materials that can serve as effective low-cost alternatives to platinum for generating hydrogen gas from water. ... > full story

Chemists harvest light to create 'green' tool for pharmaceuticals (February 9, 2012) -- Researchers have created a new, “green” method for developing medicines. The researchers used energy from a light bulb to create an organic molecule that may be useful in the treatment of Alzheimer’s and other brain diseases. ... > full story

Seismic resistance: Model analyzes shape-memory alloys for use in earthquake-resistant structures (February 9, 2012) -- Recent earthquake damage has exposed the vulnerability of existing structures to strong ground movement. Researchers are now analyzing shape-memory alloys for their potential use in constructing seismic-resistant structures. ... > full story

New battery could lead to cheaper, more efficient solar energy (February 9, 2012) -- Scientists have found that a new type of battery has the potential to improve the efficiency and reduce the cost of solar power. ... > full story

Fuel from market waste (February 9, 2012) -- Mushy tomatoes, brown bananas and overripe cherries -- to date, waste from wholesale markets has ended up on the compost heap at best. In future it will be put to better use: Researchers have developed a new facility that ferments this waste to make methane, which can be used to power vehicles. ... > full story

Uploading geotagged digital photos could put kids at risk (February 9, 2012) -- A new study suggests that parents and carers could be putting children at risk if they upload digital photos that are automatically "geotagged" by their camera. ... > full story

New technology platform for molecule-based electronics (February 9, 2012) -- Researchers have developed a new nanotechnology platform for the development of molecule-based electronic components using the wonder material graphene. ... > full story

Storm warning: Financial tsunami heading this way (February 9, 2012) -- Economists have developed a financial market "seismograph" that can measure the interconnections between stock markets across the globe. Their research has the potential to serve as an early warning system and provide measures to manage and mitigate the spread of financial crisis. ... > full story

Nanotube therapy takes aim at breast cancer stem cells (February 9, 2012) -- Researchers have again shown that injecting multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into tumors and heating them with a quick, 30-second laser treatment can kill them. ... > full story

Mars Science Laboratory computer issue resolved (February 9, 2012) -- Engineers have found the root cause of a computer reset that occurred two months ago on NASA's Mars Science Laboratory and have determined how to correct it. ... > full story

Barriers to the use of fingerprint evidence in court is unlocked by statistical model (February 9, 2012) -- Fingerprints that are potential key pieces of evidence in court currently are not being considered due to shortcomings in the way this evidence is reported. Now, a statistical model has been developed that enables the weight of fingerprint evidence to be expressed in quantitative terms, paving the way for its full inclusion in the process of identifying criminals, according to a new report. ... > full story

Piranha vs. Arapaima: Engineers find inspiration for new materials in piranha-proof armor (February 9, 2012) -- It's a matchup worthy of a late-night cable movie: put a school of starving piranha and a 300-pound fish together, and who comes out the winner? The surprising answer -- given the notorious guillotine-like bite of the piranha -- is Brazil's massive Arapaima fish. The secret to Arapaima's success lie in its intricately detailed scales, which could provide "bioinspiration" for engineers looking to develop flexible ceramics. ... > full story

Mobile launcher tests confirm designs, NASA analysis concludes (February 9, 2012) -- The 355-foot-tall mobile launcher, or ML, behaved as expected during its move to Launch Pad 39B at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida in November 2011, an analysis of multiple sensors showed. The top of the tower swayed less than an inch each way. ... > full story

NASA small explorer mission celebrates 10 years and 40,000 X-ray flares (February 9, 2012) -- On February 5, 2002, NASA launched what was then called the High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (HESSI) into orbit. Renamed within months as the Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) after Reuven Ramaty, a deceased NASA scientist who had long championed the mission, the spacecraft's job was to observe giant explosions on the sun called solar flares. Ten years since its launch, RHESSI has observed more than 40,000 X-ray flares, helped craft and refine a model of how solar eruptions form, and fueled additional serendipitous science papers on such things as the shape of the sun and thunder-storm-produced gamma ray flashes. ... > full story

Mars-bound NASA rover carries coin for camera checkup (February 9, 2012) -- The camera at the end of the robotic arm on NASA's Mars rover Curiosity has its own calibration target, a smartphone-size plaque that looks like an eye chart supplemented with color chips and an attached penny. When Curiosity lands on Mars in August, researchers will use this calibration target to test performance of the rover's Mars Hand Lens Imager, or MAHLI. MAHLI's close-up inspections of Martian rocks and soil will show details so tiny, the calibration target includes reference lines finer than a human hair. This camera is not limited to close-ups, though. It can focus on any target from about a finger's-width away to the horizon. ... > full story

NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer in standby mode (February 9, 2012) -- NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer, or Galex, was placed in standby mode Feb. 7, 2012 as engineers prepare to end mission operations, nearly nine years after the telescope's launch. The spacecraft is scheduled to be decommissioned -- taken out of service -- later this year. The mission extensively mapped large portions of the sky with sharp ultraviolet vision, cataloguing millions of galaxies spanning 10 billion years of cosmic time. ... > full story

New views show old NASA Mars landers (February 9, 2012) -- The High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter recorded a scene on Jan. 29, 2012, that includes the first color image from orbit showing the three-petal lander of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Spirit mission. Spirit drove off that lander platform in January 2004 and spent most of its six-year working life in a range of hills about two miles to the east. ... > full story

Champagne gases different out of a flute versus coupe: Glass type affects gas release, likely influencing the drinking experience (February 8, 2012) -- Champagne just isn't champagne without its bubbles, and a study highlights the effects that champagne glass shape and temperature can have on carbonation upon serving and the drinking experience. ... > full story

Sound rather than sight can activate 'seeing' for the blind, say researchers (February 8, 2012) -- Scientists have tapped onto the visual cortex of the congenitally blind by using sensory substitution devices (SSDs), enabling the blind in effect to "see" and even describe objects. SSDs are non-invasive sensory aids that provide visual information to the blind via their existing senses. For example, using a visual-to-auditory SSD in a clinical or everyday setting, users wear a miniature video camera connected to a small computer (or smart phone) and stereo headphones. The images are converted into "soundscapes," using a predictable algorithm, allowing the user to listen to and then interpret the visual information coming from the camera. ... > full story

New image captures 'stealth merger' of dwarf galaxies (February 8, 2012) -- New images of a nearby dwarf galaxy have revealed a dense stream of stars in its outer regions, the remains of an even smaller companion galaxy in the process of merging with its host. The host galaxy, known as NGC 4449, is the smallest primary galaxy in which a stellar stream from an ongoing merger has been identified and studied in detail. ... > full story

Milky Way's black hole found grazing on asteroids (February 8, 2012) -- The giant black hole at the center of the Milky Way may be vaporizing and devouring asteroids, which could explain the frequent flares observed, according to astronomers. ... > full story

Report on Texas fire urges firefighters to consider wind effects (February 8, 2012) -- Wind conditions at a fire scene can make a critical difference on the behavior of the blaze and the safety of firefighters, even indoors, according to a new report. ... > full story

New 'cell assay on a chip:' Solid results from simple means (February 8, 2012) -- A research engineer combined a glass slide, plastic sheets and double-sided tape to build a "diffusion-based gradient generator", a tool to rapidly assess how changing concentrations of specific chemicals affect living cells. ... > full story

Octagonal window of opportunity for carbon capture (February 8, 2012) -- Scientists have gathered new insight into the performance of a material called a zeolite that may filter carbon dioxide far more efficiently than current industrial "scrubbers" do. ... > full story

Timing capability added to living cell sensors (February 8, 2012) -- Individual cells modified to act as sensors using fluorescence are already useful tools in biochemistry, but now they can add good timing to their resume. ... > full story

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ScienceDaily Environment Headlines -- for Tuesday, February 14, 2012

2012-02-14T02:26:00.001-08:00

ScienceDaily Environment Headlines

for Tuesday, February 14, 2012

Welcome to another edition of ScienceDaily's email newsletter. You can change your subscription options or unsubscribe at any time.

Explosive evolution need not follow mass extinctions, study of ancient zooplankton finds (February 13, 2012) -- Fossil record of graptoloids challenges the theory that immediately after a mass extinction, species develop new physical traits at a rapid pace. ... > full story

Fish of Antarctica threatened by climate change (February 13, 2012) -- A study of the evolutionary history of Antarctic fish and their "anti-freeze" proteins illustrates how tens of millions of years ago a lineage of fish adapted to newly formed polar conditions -- and how today they are endangered by a rapid rise in ocean temperatures. ... > full story

Love, chocolate good for the heart, says cardiologist (February 13, 2012) -- Being involved in a healthy, loving relationship is good for the heart, says a cardiologist. People who are married or who are in close, healthy relationships tend to be less likely to smoke, are more physically active and are more likely to have a well-developed social structure, she said. They are also more likely to have lower levels of stress and anxiety in their day-to-day lives. ... > full story

Where big fish take shelter has big impact on their ability to cope with climate change (February 13, 2012) -- The choices big fish make on where to shelter could have a major influence on their ability to cope with climate change, say scientists. In research aimed at understanding the process of fish population decline when coral reefs sustain major damage, scientists have found that big fish show a marked preference for sheltering under large, flat table corals. ... > full story

Scientist works to detach protein that HIV uses as protective shield (February 13, 2012) -- One of the frustrations for scientists working on HIV/AIDS treatments has been the human immunodeficiency virus' ability to evade the body's immune system. Now a researcher has discovered a compound that could help put the immune system back in the hunt. ... > full story

Starve a virus, feed a cure? (February 12, 2012) -- A protein that protects some of our immune cells from the most common and virulent form of HIV works by starving the virus of the molecular building blocks that it needs to replicate. While researchers hope the work will one day lead to a way to make anti-HIV drugs more effective by increasing their potency against the virus, they're also excited about its implications for our knowledge of other pathogens, such as herpes viruses. ... > full story

Molecular secrets of ancient Chinese herbal remedy discovered (February 12, 2012) -- For roughly two thousand years, Chinese herbalists have treated Malaria using a root extract, commonly known as Chang Shan, from a type of hydrangea that grows in Tibet and Nepal. More recent studies suggest that halofuginone, a compound derived from this extract's bioactive ingredient, could be used to treat many autoimmune disorders as well. Now, researchers have discovered the molecular secrets behind this herbal extract's power. ... > full story

How a protein protects cells from HIV infection (February 12, 2012) -- A novel discovery reveals a mechanism by which the immune system tries to halt the spread of HIV. Harnessing this mechanism may open up new paths for therapeutic research aimed at slowing the virus’ progression to AIDS. ... > full story

A mitosis mystery solved: How chromosomes align perfectly in a dividing cell (February 12, 2012) -- Although the process of mitotic cell division has been studied intensely for more than 50 years, researchers have only now solved the mystery of how cells correctly align their chromosomes during symmetric mitosis. ... > full story

Human cognitive performance suffers following natural disasters (February 11, 2012) -- Not surprisingly, victims of a natural disaster can experience stress and anxiety, but a new study indicates that it might also cause them to make more errors - some serious - in their daily lives. Researchers have explored how cognitive performance can decline after earthquakes and other natural disasters. ... > full story

Environment's effects on evolution of survival traits (February 11, 2012) -- Advances in studying genes mean that scientists in evolutionary developmental biology or “evo-devo” can now explain more clearly than ever before how bats got wings, the turtle got its shell and blind cave fish lost their eyes, says an evolutionary biologist. ... > full story

Dramatic improvements and persistent challenges for women in science (February 11, 2012) -- The underrepresentation of women in science has received significant attention. However, there have been few studies in which longitudinal data were used to assess changes over time. Now researchers find that women in the field of ecological studies have experienced dramatic improvements, but persistent challenges remain. ... > full story

Grass to gas: Genome map speeds biofuel development (February 10, 2012) -- Researchers have taken a major step in the ongoing effort to find sources of cleaner, renewable energy by mapping the genomes of two originator cells of Miscanthus x giganteus, a large perennial grass with promise as a source of ethanol and bioenergy. ... > full story

Seven sweet facts about how chocolate is made (February 10, 2012) -- Most people are unaware of how chocolate gets from trees to your table find out with these seven fun facts. ... > full story

The power of estrogen: Male snakes attract other males (February 10, 2012) -- A new study has shown that boosting the estrogen levels of male garter snakes causes them to secrete the same pheromones that females use to attract suitors, and turned the males into just about the sexiest snake in the neighborhood -- attracting dozens of other males eager to mate. ... > full story

Fighting crimes against biodiversity: How to catch a killer weed (February 10, 2012) -- Invasive species which have the potential to destroy biodiversity and influence global change could be tracked and controlled in the same way as wanted criminals, according to new research. ... > full story

Cannabis use doubles chances of vehicle crash, review finds (February 10, 2012) -- Drivers who consume cannabis within three hours of driving are nearly twice as likely to cause a vehicle collision as those who are not under the influence of drugs or alcohol, according to a new review. ... > full story

Four natural extracts with anti-obesity effects tested on rats (February 10, 2012) -- Researchers have identified four plant extracts that might help in preventing and fighting obesity. The researchers identified the most effective plant extracts through in vitro assays; subsequently, extracts were tested on rats. While the results obtained are promising, further studies on animals are required to evaluate and confirm the anti-obesity effects of these extracts. Once their anti-obesity effects are confirmed on animals, the extracts will be tested on humans. ... > full story

Curry spice component may help slow prostate tumor growth (February 10, 2012) -- Curcumin, an active component of the Indian curry spice turmeric, may help slow down tumor growth in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients on androgen deprivation therapy, a new study suggests. ... > full story

Undoing HIV's 'invisibility cloak': Revelation of how certain compounds adhere so strongly to HIV’s coat points to a fresh therapeutic approach (February 10, 2012) -- Drug researchers hunting for alternative ways to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections may soon have a novel target -- its camouflage coat. HIV hides inside a cloak unusually rich in a sugar called mannose, which it uses to slip past the immune system before infecting its host's cells. Recently, however, biochemists discovered a family of chemical compounds that stick strongly to mannose. Understanding how this mechanism works could reveal a way to make drugs adhere to and kill HIV. ... > full story

New avenue for treating colon cancer (February 9, 2012) -- Cell biologists have uncovered a new insight into colon cancer, the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The team analyzed human colon cancer specimens and found that in nearly 80 percent of them the variants of a gene (HNF4A) are out of balance. This imbalance appears to be the result of a complex, multi-step process by an enzyme (Src kinase). ... > full story

Ultraviolet protection molecule in plants yields its secrets (February 9, 2012) -- Lying around in the sun all day is hazardous not just for humans but also for plants. Ultraviolet radiation from the sun can damage proteins and DNA inside cells, leading to poor growth and even death. But plants have evolved some powerful adaptive defenses, including a complex array of protective responses orchestrated by a UV-sensing protein molecule known as UVR8. Now, scientists have put together a detailed picture of UVR8's structure and inner workings. ... > full story

Decoding the molecular machine behind E. coli and cholera (February 9, 2012) -- Scientists have discovered the workings behind some of the bacteria that kill hundreds of thousands every year, possibly paving the way for new antibiotics that could treat infections more effectively. ... > full story

Substance P causes seizures in patients infected by pork tapeworm (February 9, 2012) -- A neuropeptide called Substance P is the cause of seizures in patients with brains infected by the pork tapeworm. ... > full story

Why fishermen keep fishing despite dwindling catches (February 9, 2012) -- Half of fishermen would not give up their livelihood in the face of drastically declining catches, according to new research. A new report challenges previously held notions about poverty and adaptation by investigating why fishermen in developing countries stick with their trade. ... > full story

Ultrasound study provides first direct evidence of effect of malaria on fetal growth (February 9, 2012) -- A study of almost 3,800 pregnancies has provided the most accurate and direct evidence to date that malaria infection reduces early fetal growth. Low birth weight is the most important risk factor for neonatal mortality in developing countries. The research, carried out on the border of Thailand and Myanmar, highlights the importance of preventing malaria in pregnancy. ... > full story

Deconstructing a mystery: What caused Snowmaggedon? (February 9, 2012) -- Scientists are using computer models to help unravel the mystery of a record-setting snowfall in the Washington, DC area in early 2010. ... > full story

Most lethal known species of prion protein identified (February 9, 2012) -- Scientists have identified a single prion protein that causes neuronal death similar to that seen in "mad cow" disease, but is at least 10 times more lethal than larger prion species. ... > full story

3-D laser map shows earthquake before and after (February 9, 2012) -- Geologists have a new tool to study how earthquakes change the landscape down to a few inches, and it's giving them insight into how earthquake faults behave. ... > full story

Drug quickly reverses Alzheimer's symptoms in mice (February 9, 2012) -- Neuroscientists have made a dramatic breakthrough in their efforts to find a cure for Alzheimer's disease. The use of a drug appears to quickly reverse the pathological, cognitive and memory deficits caused by the onset of Alzheimer's in mice. ... > full story

Ocean microbe communities changing, but long-term environmental impact is unclear (February 9, 2012) -- As oceans warm due to climate change, water layers will mix less and affect the microbes and plankton that pump carbon out of the atmosphere – but researchers say it's still unclear whether these processes will further increase global warming or decrease it. It could be either, they say. ... > full story

Ocean warming causes elephant seals to dive deeper (February 9, 2012) -- Global warming is having an effect on the dive behavior and search for food of southern elephant seals. Researchers have discovered that the seals dive deeper for food when in warmer water. The scientists attribute this behavior to the migration of prey to greater depths and now wish to check this theory using a new sensor which registers the feeding of the animals below water. ... > full story

Baby knows best: Baby-led weaning promotes healthy food preferences (February 9, 2012) -- A new study has shown that babies who are weaned using solid finger food are more likely to develop healthier food preferences and are less likely to become overweight as children than those who are spoon-fed pureed food. ... > full story

Integrated weed management best response to herbicide resistance (February 9, 2012) -- Over-reliance on glyphosate-type herbicides for weed control on US farms has created a dramatic increase in the number of genetically-resistant weeds, according to agricultural researchers, who say the solution lies in an integrated weed management program. ... > full story

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ScienceDaily Health Headlines -- for Tuesday, February 14, 2012

2012-02-14T02:25:00.001-08:00

ScienceDaily Health Headlines

for Tuesday, February 14, 2012

Welcome to another edition of ScienceDaily's email newsletter. You can change your subscription options or unsubscribe at any time.

Cut your Valentine some slack: Partner's efforts at improving your relationship should not be ignored (February 13, 2012) -- If the one you love usually forgets Valentine's Day, but this year makes a romantic effort, you should give him credit for trying. A new study shows that the more you believe your partner is capable of change and perceive that he or she is trying to improve, the more secure and happy you will feel in your relationship. ... > full story

First prospective analysis links breast and pancreatic cancer risk with Lynch syndrome (February 13, 2012) -- Summary of the first prospective study to provide strong evidence of increased breast and pancreatic cancer risk in individuals with Lynch syndrome, who carry certain inherited genetic mutations in DNA repair genes. The study is also the first to show that relatives of people with Lynch syndrome who do not carry these mutations have no increased risk of cancer. ... > full story

Neuron memory key to taming chronic pain, new research suggests (February 13, 2012) -- Researchers have found the key to understanding how memories of pain are stored in the brain. More importantly, the researchers are also able to suggest how these memories can be erased, making it possible to ease chronic pain. ... > full story

Compound may help in fight against antibiotic-resistant superbugs (February 13, 2012) -- Chemists have created a compound that makes existing antibiotics 16 times more effective against recently discovered antibiotic-resistant "superbugs." ... > full story

Six to nine-month-olds understand the meaning of many spoken words (February 13, 2012) -- At an age when "ba-ba" and "da-da" may be their only utterances, infants nevertheless comprehend words for many common objects, according to a new study. ... > full story

New HIV-vaccine tested on people shows limited success (February 13, 2012) -- Scientists have tested a new 'therapeutic vaccine' against HIV on volunteers. The participants were 'so to say' vaccinated with their own cells. The immune system of the testees was better than before in attacking and suppressing the virus, the scientists have reported. ... > full story

Children at risk for ingestion of PAHs from pavement sealant, study finds (February 13, 2012) -- Children living near coal-tar-sealed pavement are likely to receive a far higher dose of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from incidental ingestion of house dust than do children living near unsealed pavement, and that dose is more than two times higher than the PAH dose children are estimated to receive from food. ... > full story

In older adults, fluctuating sense of control linked to cognitive ability (February 13, 2012) -- Everyone has moments when they feel more in control of their lives than at other times. New research shows that this sense of control fluctuates more often, and more quickly, than previously thought – and that this sense of control may actively affect cognitive abilities. ... > full story

Motivation to exercise affects behavior (February 13, 2012) -- For many people, the motivation to exercise fluctuates from week to week, and these fluctuations predict whether they will be physically active, according to researchers. In an effort to understand how the motivation to exercise is linked to behavior, the researchers examined college students' intentions to be physically active as well as their actual activity levels. ... > full story

New cases of rare genetic disorder identified (February 13, 2012) -- Scientists have shown a rare genetic disease, that causes crippling osteoarthritis in the spine and major joints, is far more prevalent worldwide than previously thought. ... > full story

Prognosis for heart failure patients improving (February 13, 2012) -- More than six million American adults suffer from heart failure. But, while the prevalence of this disease has increased over time, there are signs that deaths from it have not and hospitalization rates may be stabilizing as well. Healthcare professionals say this is good news and the future looks even more promising. ... > full story

Blood from periodontal disease can be used to screen for diabetes (February 13, 2012) -- Oral blood samples drawn from deep pockets of periodontal inflammation can be used to measure hemoglobin A1c, an important gauge of a patient's diabetes status, a nursing-dental research team has found. ... > full story

Good aerobic capacity promotes learning (February 13, 2012) -- Aerobic fitness has a favorable effect on cognitive functions. For example, physically active elderly people are less prone to aging-related cognitive decline than those who lead a sedentary lifestyle. An increase in physical activity raises both aerobic capacity and learning ability in both humans and animals. However, it is not known whether it is the aerobic capacity or the pleasure and enrichment of physical activity that promotes cognitive functions. ... > full story

Seniors show greater life satisfaction than young people, study suggests (February 13, 2012) -- Healthy older adults reported less negative thinking compared to other age groups, leading to greater life satisfaction in seniors. The study examined the complex relationship between aging and factors leading to depression. Research suggests differences in the way age groups think can influence the onset of depression. Sufferers of negative thinking, or brooding, tend to fixate on their problems and feelings without taking action, which can intensify depressive moods and lead to the onset of depression. ... > full story

Overeating may double risk of memory loss (February 13, 2012) -- New research suggests that consuming between 2,100 and 6,000 calories per day may double the risk of memory loss, or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), among people age 70 and older. MCI is the stage between normal memory loss that comes with aging and early Alzheimer’s disease. ... > full story

Complex wiring of the nervous system may rely on a just a handful of genes and proteins (February 11, 2012) -- Researchers have discovered a startling feature of early brain development that helps to explain how complex neuron wiring patterns are programmed using just a handful of critical genes. The findings may help scientists develop new therapies for neurological disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and provide insight into certain cancers. ... > full story

Pitchers: Elbow position not a predictor of injury (February 11, 2012) -- Elbow position alone appeared to not affect injury rates and performance in college-level, male pitchers say researchers. ... > full story

C-sections linked to breathing problems in preterm infants, study suggests (February 10, 2012) -- A cesarean delivery, which was thought to be harmless, is associated with breathing problems in preterm babies who are small for gestational age, a new study suggests. ... > full story

Both maternal and paternal age linked to autism (February 10, 2012) -- Older maternal and paternal age are jointly associated with having a child with autism, according to a recent study. ... > full story

Drug halts organ damage in inflammatory genetic disorder, study suggests (February 10, 2012) -- A new study shows that Kineret (anakinra), a medication approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, is effective in stopping the progression of organ damage in people with neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease. This rare and debilitating genetic disorder causes persistent inflammation and ongoing tissue damage. ... > full story

EEG pattern reflects brain's shift into low-energy, protective mode (February 10, 2012) -- A distinctive pattern of brain activity associated with conditions including deep anesthesia, coma and congenital brain disorders appears to represent the brain's shift into a protective, low-activity state in response to reduced metabolic energy. ... > full story

Night, weekend delivery OK for babies with birth defects (February 10, 2012) -- Weekday delivery is no better than night/weekend delivery for infants with birth defects, according to a new study. Researchers found that infants with birth defects that were delivered at night or over the weekend fared just as well as those delivered on a weekday -- they stayed at the hospital for the same amount of time, were admitted to the NICU at the same rate, and were given antibiotics or got help breathing just as often. ... > full story

Cochlear implants may be safe, effective for organ transplant patients (February 10, 2012) -- Cochlear implants may be a safe, effective option for some organ transplant patients who've lost their hearing as an unfortunate consequence of their transplant-related drug regime, researchers report. ... > full story

Over-expression of a protein responsible for neuronal damage in Down's syndrome sufferers (February 10, 2012) -- A new study reproduced the same morphological and functional patterns of neuronal connections in a transgenic mouse as seen in people with Down’s syndrome. Regulating the activity of this protein produced very similar neuronal growth to that in a healthy mouse. ... > full story

Kids show cultural gender bias (February 10, 2012) -- A recent study examining whether speaking French influenced how children assigned gender to objects yielded some interesting observations. Researchers found some differences between the monolingual English children and the bilingual French-English children they surveyed. ... > full story

Metastatic breast cancer hitches a free ride from the immune system (February 10, 2012) -- Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most lethal form of breast cancer . It spreads easily through the lymphatic and blood vessels, forming metastasis which can lead to multi-organ failure. New research demonstrates how IBC cells use IL-8, secreted as part of the anti-inflammatory response by a specific set of white blood cells (monocytes), to increase fibronectin expression. ... > full story

A novel method for simultaneously measuring blood pressure and arterial stiffness (February 10, 2012) -- Arterial stiffness due to is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease but is very difficult to measure. A new method for measuring arterial stiffness has been developed. This simple, non-invasive, calculation is able to interpret standard oscillometric measurements to quantify both arterial stiffness and blood pressure simultaneously. ... > full story

Arthritic knees, but not hips, have robust repair response (February 10, 2012) -- Researchers used new tools they developed to analyze knees and hips and discovered that osteoarthritic knee joints are in a constant state of repair, while hip joints are not. ... > full story

High school students test best with 7 hours of sleep at night (February 10, 2012) -- New research finds that 16- to 18-year-olds perform better academically when they shave about two hours off what current guidelines prescribe. ... > full story

Risks and benefits of birthing facilities (February 10, 2012) -- Researchers have found that the risk of obstetric intervention is lower for women who deliver or intend to deliver outside of hospitals, but there are some higher risks for newborns intended for home births compared to hospital births. ... > full story

Neurologic improvement detected in rats receiving stem cell transplant (February 10, 2012) -- Researchers report that early transplantation of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricles of neonatal rats with birth-related brain damage is possible, and that the donor cells can survive and migrate in the recipient's brain. The study was designed to have the rat's brain damage mimic brain injury in infants with very low birth weight. ... > full story

For women with prior cesarean, optimal gestational age for elective delivery is week 39 (February 10, 2012) -- For women with prior delivery via cesarean section the optimal timing of elective delivery for mother and baby is 39 weeks even after consideration of the risk with continuing pregnancy. ... > full story

Phosphate additives pose a risk to health, study suggests (February 10, 2012) -- Excessive consumption of phosphate is damaging to health. Therefore, food that contains phosphate additives should be labeled, researchers recommend. ... > full story

Sleep breathing machine shows clear benefits in children with sleep apnea, study suggests (February 10, 2012) -- Children and adolescents with obstructive sleep apnea had substantial improvements in attention, anxiety and quality of life after treatment with positive airway pressure (PAP) —- a nighttime therapy in which a machine delivers a stream of air through a mask into the nose. ... > full story

Controlling parents more likely to have delinquent children (February 10, 2012) -- Authoritarian parents whose child-rearing style can be summed up as “it’s my way or the highway” are more likely to raise disrespectful, delinquent children who do not see them as legitimate authority figures than authoritative parents who listen to their children and gain their respect and trust, according to new research. ... > full story

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ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines -- for Tuesday, February 14, 2012

2012-02-14T02:23:00.001-08:00

ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines

for Tuesday, February 14, 2012

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ScienceDaily Environment Headlines -- for Monday, February 13, 2012

2012-02-13T02:22:00.001-08:00

ScienceDaily Environment Headlines

for Monday, February 13, 2012

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How the zebra got its stripes (February 9, 2012) -- Horseflies are unpleasant insects that deliver powerful bites and now it seems that zebras evolved their stripes to avoid attracting the unpleasant pests. New research show that zebras have the least attractive hides for horseflies. ... > full story

Amazing skin gives sharks a push (February 9, 2012) -- Shark skin has long been known to improve the fish's swimming performance by reducing drag, but now a new study show that in addition, the skin generates thrust, giving the fish an extra boost. The duo also discovered that Speedo's shark skin-inspired Fastskin® FS II fabric surface does not improve swimming speed, although they point out that the figure hugging costumes probably enhance performance in other ways. ... > full story

Cellular switches: From the RNA world to the 'modern' protein world (February 9, 2012) -- Scientists have discovered the molecular mechanism of a G protein family. G proteins play a central role in cellular signal processing. They are described as molecular switches that oscillate between 'on' and 'off', regulated by effectors. Biochemists have now gained fundamental insights into the mechanics of these switches. ... > full story

Global sea level rise: NASA mission takes stock of Earth's melting land ice (February 9, 2012) -- In the first comprehensive satellite study of its kind, researchers have used NASA data to calculate how much Earth's melting land ice is adding to global sea level rise. Using satellite measurements from the NASA/German Aerospace Center Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), the researchers measured ice loss in all of Earth's land ice between 2003 and 2010, with particular emphasis on glaciers and ice caps outside of Greenland and Antarctica. The total global ice mass lost from Greenland, Antarctica and Earth's glaciers and ice caps during the study period was about 4.3 trillion tons (1,000 cubic miles), adding about 0.5 inches (12 millimeters) to global sea level. That's enough ice to cover the United States 1.5 feet (0.5 meters) deep. ... > full story

Continental mosquito with 'vector' potential found breeding in UK after 60 year absence (February 8, 2012) -- A species of mosquito has been discovered breeding in the UK that has not been seen in the country since 1945. Populations of the mosquito, found across mainland Europe and known only by its Latin name Culex modestus, were recorded at a number of sites in the marshes of north Kent and south Essex in 2010 and 2011. ... > full story

Tiny primate is ultrasonic communicator (February 8, 2012) -- Tarsiers' ultrasonic calls -- among the most extreme in the animal kingdom -- give them a "private channel" of communication, says an anthropologist. ... > full story

January 2012 fourth warmest for contiguous United States, but Alaska extremely cold (February 8, 2012) -- During January, warmer-than-average conditions enveloped most of the contiguous United States, with widespread below-average precipitation. The overall weather pattern for the month was reflected in the lack of snow for much of the Northern Plains, Midwest, and Northeast. This scenario was in stark contrast to Alaska where several towns had their coldest January on record. ... > full story

DNA sequencing helps identify cancer cells for immune system attack (February 8, 2012) -- DNA sequences from tumor cells can be used to direct the immune system to attack cancer, according to scientists. The immune system relies on an intricate network of alarm bells, targets and safety brakes to determine when and what to attack. The new results suggest that scientists may now be able to combine DNA sequencing data with their knowledge of the triggers and targets that set off immune alarms to more precisely develop vaccines and other immunotherapies for cancer. ... > full story

Transformational fruit fly genome catalog completed (February 8, 2012) -- Scientists searching for the genomics version of the holy grail – more insight into predicting how an animal’s genes affect physical or behavioral traits – now have a reference manual that should speed gene discoveries in everything from pest control to personalized medicine. ... > full story

Charter service: Encasing the Magna Carta (February 8, 2012) -- You often hear about the Framers of the Constitution, but not so much the framers of the Magna Carta. They work for the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Not the authors, of course; they've been dead 700 years. But a NIST engineering team, at the behest of the National Archives, designed and built a state-of-the-art encasement and transport cart to protect the Archive's prized copy of the 1297 Magna Carta. ... > full story

Arsenic criticality poses concern for modern technology (February 8, 2012) -- Risks related to the critical nature of arsenic -- used to make high-speed computer chips that contain gallium arsenide -- outstrip those of other substances in a group of critical materials needed to sustain modern technology, a new study has found. Scientists evaluated the relative criticality of arsenic and five related metals. ... > full story

Lull in ship noise after Sept. 11 attacks eased stress on right whales (February 8, 2012) -- Exposure to low-frequency ship noise may be associated with chronic stress in whales, according to a new study. The study, conducted in Canada's Bay of Fundy, has implications for all baleen whales in areas with heavy ship traffic, and for the recovery of the endangered North Atlantic right whale population. ... > full story

Obstacles no barrier to higher speeds for worms (February 8, 2012) -- Obstacles in an organism's path can help it to move faster, not slower, researchers have found through a series of experiments and computer simulations. Their findings have implications for a better understanding of basic locomotion strategies found in biology, and the survival and propagation of the parasite that causes malaria. ... > full story

Growing up on a farm directly affects regulation of the immune system, study finds (February 8, 2012) -- A new study has shown, for the first time, that growing up on a farm directly affects the regulation of the immune system and causes a reduction in the immunological responses to food proteins. ... > full story

How DNA finds its match (February 8, 2012) -- It's been more than 50 years since James Watson and Francis Crick showed that DNA is a double helix of two strands that complement each other. But how does a short piece of DNA find its match, out of the millions of 'letters' in even a small genome? New work shows how it's done. ... > full story

Tuna and mackerel populations have reduced by 60% in the last century (February 8, 2012) -- A new study shows that the impact of fishing for tuna and similar species during the last 50 years has lessened the abundance of all these populations by an average of 60%. Experts add that the majority of tuna fish have been exploited to the limits of sustainability. ... > full story

Carbonized coffee grounds remove foul smells (February 8, 2012) -- In research to develop a novel, eco-friendly filter to remove toxic gases from the air, scientists found that a material made from used coffee grounds can sop up hydrogen sulfide gas, the chemical that makes raw sewage stinky. ... > full story

Molecular path from internal clock to cells controlling rest and activity revealed (February 7, 2012) -- The molecular pathway that carries time-of-day signals from the body's internal clock to ultimately guide daily behavior is like a black box, says a researcher. Now, new research is taking a peek inside, describing a molecular pathway and its inner parts that connect the well-known clock neurons to cells governing rhythms of rest and activity in fruit flies. ... > full story

Scientists develop biological computer to encrypt and decipher images (February 7, 2012) -- Scientists have developed a "biological computer" made entirely from biomolecules that is capable of deciphering images encrypted on DNA chips. ... > full story

Preventing bacteria from falling in with the wrong crowd could help stop gum disease (February 7, 2012) -- Stripping some mouth bacteria of their access key to gangs of other pathogenic oral bacteria could help prevent gum disease and tooth loss. The study suggests that this bacterial access key could be a drug target for people who are at high risk of developing gum disease. ... > full story

Scared of a younger rival? Not for some male songbirds (February 7, 2012) -- When mature male white-crowned sparrows duel to win a mate or a nesting territory, a young bird just doesn’t get much respect. ... > full story

Ancient seagrass holds secrets of the oldest living organism on Earth (February 7, 2012) -- It's big, it's old and it lives under the sea -- and now an international research collaboration has confirmed that an ancient seagrass holds the secrets of the oldest living organism on Earth. Ancient giant Posidonia oceanica reproduces asexually, generating clones of itself. A single organism -- which has been found to span up to 15 kilometers in width and reach more than 6,000 metric tonnes in mass -- may well be more than 100,000 years old. ... > full story

2011 shark attacks remain steady, deaths highest since 1993 (February 7, 2012) -- Shark attacks in the US declined in 2011, but worldwide fatalities reached a two-decade high, according to the a new report. ... > full story

New tool for analyzing solar-cell materials (February 7, 2012) -- An online tool called "Impurities to Efficiency" (known as I2E) allows companies or researchers exploring alternative manufacturing strategies to plug in descriptions of their planned materials and processing steps. After about one minute of simulation, I2E gives an indication of exactly how efficient the resulting solar cell would be in converting sunlight to electricity. ... > full story

Entire genome of extinct human decoded from fossil (February 7, 2012) -- Scientists have completed the genome sequence of a Denisovan, a representative of an Asian group of extinct humans related to Neanderthals. ... > full story

Americans' knowledge of polar regions up, but not their concern (February 7, 2012) -- Americans’ knowledge of facts about the polar regions of the globe has increased since 2006, but this increase in knowledge has not translated into more concern about changing polar environments, according to new research. ... > full story

Low-cost instrument developed by high school students could aid severe weather research (February 7, 2012) -- A group of high school students designed, built and tested a low-cost device that monitors the buildup of electrical charge in clouds. A network of such field mill devices could be used to learn more about the lightning that is part of severe weather. ... > full story

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ScienceDaily Technology Headlines -- for Monday, February 13, 2012

2012-02-13T02:21:00.001-08:00

ScienceDaily Technology Headlines

for Monday, February 13, 2012

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Flipping a light switch in the cell: Quantum dots used for targeted neural activation (February 8, 2012) -- By harnessing quantum dots, researchers have developed a new and vastly more targeted way to stimulate neurons in the brain. Being able to switch neurons on and off and monitor how they communicate with one another is crucial for understanding -- and, ultimately, treating -- a host of brain disorders. ... > full story

Unusual 'collapsing' iron superconductor sets record for its class (February 8, 2012) -- Scientists have found an iron-based superconductor that operates at the highest known temperature for a material in its class. The discovery inches iron-based superconductors closer to being useful in many practical applications. ... > full story

'Shish kebab' structure provides improved form of 'buckypaper' (February 8, 2012) -- Scientists are reporting development of a new form of buckypaper, which eliminates a major drawback of these sheets of carbon nanotubes -- 50,000 times thinner than a human hair, 10 times lighter than steel, but up to 250 times stronger -- with potential uses ranging from body armor to next-generation batteries. ... > full story

Bubble-powered microrockets zoom have potential to zoom through the human stomach, other acidic environments (February 8, 2012) -- Scientists have developed a new kind of tiny motor -- which they term a "microrocket" -- that can propel itself through acidic environments, such as the human stomach, without any external energy source, opening the way to a variety of medical and industrial applications. Their report describes the microrockets traveling at virtual warp speed for such devices. A human moving at the same speed would have to run at a clip of 400 miles per hour. ... > full story

Scientists make iron transparent: For first time, experiment shows that atomic nuclei can become transparent (February 8, 2012) -- At the high-brilliance synchrotron light source PETRA III, scientists have succeeded in making atomic nuclei transparent with the help of X-ray light. At the same time they have also discovered a new way to realize an optically controlled light switch that can be used to manipulate light with light, an important ingredient for efficient future quantum computers. ... > full story

Most detailed infrared image of the Carina Nebula ever (February 8, 2012) -- ESO's Very Large Telescope has delivered the most detailed infrared image of the Carina Nebula stellar nursery taken so far. Many previously hidden features, scattered across a spectacular celestial landscape of gas, dust and young stars, have emerged. This is one of the most dramatic images ever created by the VLT. ... > full story

Fall of Communism changed mathematics in US (February 7, 2012) -- The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1992 brought an influx of Soviet mathematicians to US institutions, and those scholars' differing areas of specialization have changed the way math is studied and taught in this country, according to new research. ... > full story

Discovery uses 'fracture putty' to repair broken bone in days (February 7, 2012) -- Broken bones in humans and animals are painful and often take months to heal. New research shows promise to shorten healing time significantly and revolutionize the course of fracture treatment. ... > full story

Mars Express radar yields strong evidence of ocean that once covered part of Red Planet (February 7, 2012) -- ESA's Mars Express has returned strong evidence for an ocean once covering part of Mars. Using radar, it has detected sediments reminiscent of an ocean floor within the boundaries of previously identified, ancient shorelines on Mars. ... > full story

Innovation promises expanded roles for microsensors (February 7, 2012) -- Researchers have learned how to improve the performance of sensors that use tiny vibrating microcantilevers to detect chemical and biological agents for applications from national security to food processing. ... > full story

A bronze Russian doll: The metal in the metal in the metal (February 7, 2012) -- Just like in the Russian wooden toy, a hull of 12 copper atoms encases a single tin atom. This hull is, in turn, enveloped by 20 further tin atoms. Scientists have now generated these spatial structures built up in three layers as isolated metal clusters in alloys. With their large surfaces these structures can serve as highly efficient catalysts. ... > full story

Hard drive breakthrough: New magnetic recording technique uses heat to process information much faster than current technology (February 7, 2012) -- Scientists have demonstrated a revolutionary new way of magnetic recording which will allow information to be processed hundreds of times faster than by current hard drive technology. The researchers found they could record information using only heat -- a previously unimaginable scenario. They believe this discovery will not only make future magnetic recording devices faster, but more energy-efficient too. ... > full story

Facebook use elevates mood, new study shows (February 7, 2012) -- People visit social networking sites such as Facebook for many reasons, including the positive emotional experience that people enjoy and want to repeat, according to a new article. ... > full story

An electronic green thumb (February 7, 2012) -- If sensors are supposed to communicate with each other to compare the measured data and to secure them, then, in the future, a network of distributed sensor nodes will aid in that: the network ensures problem-free communication between the sensors. For example, they can be used to reliably monitor the watering of plants. ... > full story

Engineers boost computer processor performance by over 20 percent (February 7, 2012) -- Researchers have developed a new technique that allows graphics processing units (GPUs) and central processing units (CPUs) on a single chip to collaborate – boosting processor performance by an average of more than 20 percent. ... > full story

Fall monitoring device could help keep seniors safer (February 7, 2012) -- It’s a scenario played out all too frequently: Adult children, worried about the safety of their aging parents, foist devices on them to monitor their safety. And their parents, resentful of having their privacy invaded and losing their independence, resist fiercely. A tiny new devise should overcome these problems. ... > full story

Metabolic 'breathalyzer' reveals early signs of disease (February 6, 2012) -- The future of disease diagnosis may lie in a “breathalyzer”-like technology currently under development. ... > full story

NASA's Juno spacecraft refines its path to Jupiter (February 6, 2012) -- NASA's solar-powered Juno spacecraft successfully refined its flight path Feb. 1 with the mission's first trajectory correction maneuver. The maneuver is the first of a dozen planned rocket firings that, over the next five years, will keep Juno on course for its rendezvous with Jupiter. ... > full story

More environmental rules needed for shale gas, says geophysicist (February 6, 2012) -- In his State of the Union address, President Barack Obama praised the potential of the country's tremendous supply of natural gas buried in shale. But the "Halliburton exclusion" passed by Congress says gas companies don't have to disclose the chemicals used in fracturing fluids. That was a real mistake because it makes the public needlessly paranoid, says a geophysicist. ... > full story

PET techniques provide more accurate diagnosis, prognosis in challenging breast cancer cases (February 6, 2012) -- Researchers are revealing how molecular imaging can be used to solve mysteries about difficult cases of breast cancer. One recent article focuses on an imaging agent that targets estrogen receptors in estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer patients with formerly inconclusive assessments, and the second highlights a different imaging agent's ability to help predict the prognosis for patients undergoing chemotherapy for a very aggressive type of breast cancer. ... > full story

Grading the online dating industry (February 6, 2012) -- The report card is in, and the online dating industry won't be putting this one on the fridge. A new scientific report concludes that although online dating offers users some very real benefits, it falls far short of its potential. ... > full story

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ScienceDaily Health Headlines -- for Monday, February 13, 2012

2012-02-13T02:20:00.000-08:00

ScienceDaily Health Headlines

for Monday, February 13, 2012

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To perform with less effort, practice beyond perfection (February 9, 2012) -- Whether you are an athlete, a musician or a stroke patient learning to walk again, practice can make perfect, but more practice may make you more efficient, according to a surprising new study. ... > full story

Gene therapy boosts brain repair for demyelinating diseases (February 9, 2012) -- Our bodies are full of tiny superheroes -- antibodies that fight foreign invaders, cells that regenerate, and structures that ensure our systems run smoothly. One such structure is myelin, a material that forms a protective cape around the axons of our nerve cells so that they can send signals quickly and efficiently. But myelin becomes damaged in demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis, leaving neurons without their sheaths. Researchers now believe they have found a way to help the brain replace damaged myelin. ... > full story

Physically abused children report higher levels of psychosomatic symptoms (February 9, 2012) -- Children who display multiple psychosomatic symptoms, such as regular aches and pains and sleep and appetite problems, are more than twice as likely to be experiencing physical abuse at home than children who do not display symptoms. Researchers who studied 2,510 children found a strong association between reported physical abuse and three or more psychosomatic symptoms. The association was highest in children who were physically abused and also witnessed intimate partner violence. ... > full story

Secrets of immune response illuminated in new study (February 9, 2012) -- When disease-causing invaders like bacteria infect a human host, cells of various types swing into action, coordinating their activities to address the threat. Scientists have now investigated the coordination of a particular type of immune response, involving the release of of IFN-λ -- a cell-signaling protein molecule known as a cytokine. ... > full story

Obesity is associated with altered brain function (February 9, 2012) -- Researchers have found new evidence for the role of the brain in obesity. ... > full story

Right hand or left? How the brain solves a perceptual puzzle (February 9, 2012) -- When you see a picture of a hand, how do you know whether it's a right or left hand? This "hand laterality" problem may seem obscure, but it reveals a lot about how the brain sorts out confusing perceptions. Now, a new study challenges the long-held consensus about how we solve this problem. ... > full story

What kind of chocolate is best? The last you taste, says a new study (February 9, 2012) -- Like to save the best for last? Here's good news: If it's the last, you'll like it the best. ... > full story

Scientists sound alarm over threat of untreatable gonorrhea in United States (February 9, 2012) -- The threat of multi-drug resistant gonorrhea is rising. Cephalosporins, the last line of defense, are rapidly losing effectiveness. The likelihood of treatment failures in the United States calls for urgent action to control the spread of gonorrhea, medical research leaders say. Gonorrhea is the second most commonly reported communicable disease in the United States. ... > full story

New target for Alzheimer's drugs (February 9, 2012) -- UC Riverside biomedical scientists have identified a new link between a protein (beta-arrestin) and short-term memory that could open new doors for the therapeutic treatment of neurological disorders, particularly Alzheimer's disease. They show that if beta-arrestin is removed from neurons, short-term memory loss is prevented. But beta-arrestin is also required for normal learning/memory. The researchers argue that a fine balance needs to be established, one that could be achieved by pharmaceutical drugs in the future. ... > full story

Presdisposition to common heart disease 'passed on from father to son' (February 8, 2012) -- A common heart disease which kills thousands each year may be passed genetically from father to son, according to a new study. ... > full story

Financial burden of prescription drugs is dropping, U.S. study finds (February 8, 2012) -- The financial challenge Americans face paying out-of-pocket costs for prescription drugs has declined, but the costs remain a burden to many families, according to a new study. Despite the improvement, more than 8 million non-elderly Americans live in families with a high drug-cost burden. ... > full story

Memory strengthened by stimulating key site in brain (February 8, 2012) -- Ever gone to the movies and forgotten where you parked the car? New research may one day help you improve your memory. Neuroscientists have demonstrated that they can strengthen memory in human patients by stimulating a critical junction in the brain. ... > full story

Fasting weakens cancer in mice (February 8, 2012) -- New study finds that short fasting cycles can work as well as chemotherapy, and the two combined greatly improve survival. ... > full story

Gene therapy for inherited blindness succeeds in patients' other eye (February 8, 2012) -- Gene therapy for congenital blindness took another step forward, as researchers further improved vision in three adult patients previously treated in one eye. The patients were better able to see in dim light, with no adverse effects. ... > full story

Some formerly cohabiting couples with children keep romantic relationship (February 8, 2012) -- When low-income cohabiting couples with children decide to no longer live together, that doesn’t necessarily mean the end of their romantic relationship, a new study suggests. ... > full story

Study to determine whether fish oil can help prevent psychiatric disorders (February 8, 2012) -- A new study was designed to test whether Omega-3 fatty acids improve clinical symptoms, and help adolescents and young adults (ages 12 to 25) who are at elevated risk for severe psychiatric disorders function better in school, work and other social environments. ... > full story

After-school program can reduce alcohol use among middle school students, study finds (February 8, 2012) -- A voluntary substance prevention program held after school and presented by trained facilitators can help reduce alcohol use among young adolescents, according to a new study. ... > full story

Heart disease may be a risk factor for prostate cancer (February 8, 2012) -- In a large analysis of men participating in a prostate drug trial, researchers found a significant correlation between coronary artery disease and prostate cancer, suggesting the two conditions may have shared causes. ... > full story

Physical activity yields feelings of excitement, enthusiasm (February 8, 2012) -- People who are more physically active report greater levels of excitement and enthusiasm than people who are less physically active, according to researchers. People also are more likely to report feelings of excitement and enthusiasm on days when they are more physically active than usual. ... > full story

Low dopamine levels during withdrawal promote relapse to smoking (February 8, 2012) -- Mark Twain said, "Giving up smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I know because I've done it thousands of times." Many smokers would agree that it's difficult to stay away from cigarettes. A new study now suggests that low dopamine levels that occur as a result of withdrawal from smoking actually promote the relapse to smoking. ... > full story

Feast or famine? How appetite cells in the brain respond to fasting (February 8, 2012) -- Previous work has shown that the AgRP neurons promote feeding and weight gain, while the POMC cells have been linked with appetite suppression and weight loss. Now a new study uncovers a neural pathway that links fasting with activation of AgRP neurons. The research provides valuable insight into the complex mechanisms that control food seeking behavior. ... > full story

Roots of hunger and eating: Plasticity in the brain's wiring controls feeding behavior in mice (February 8, 2012) -- Synaptic plasticity -- the ability of the synaptic connections between the brain's neurons to change and modify over time -- has been shown to be a key to memory formation and the acquisition of new learning behaviors. Now researchers reveal that the neural circuits controlling hunger and eating behaviors are also controlled by plasticity. ... > full story

High levels of cadmium or lead in blood linked to pregnancy delay (February 8, 2012) -- Higher blood levels of cadmium in females, and higher blood levels of lead in males, delayed pregnancy in couples trying to become pregnant, according to a new study. ... > full story

Unusual alliances enable movement (February 8, 2012) -- Some unusual alliances are necessary for you to wiggle your fingers, researchers report. Understanding those relationships should enable better treatment of neuromuscular diseases, such as myasthenia gravis, which prevent muscles from taking orders from your brain. Scientists have now solved one of the riddles. ... > full story

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ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines -- for Monday, February 13, 2012

2012-02-13T02:19:00.001-08:00

ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines

for Monday, February 13, 2012

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Obesity is associated with altered brain function (February 9, 2012) -- Researchers have found new evidence for the role of the brain in obesity. ... > full story

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ScienceDaily Environment Headlines -- for Sunday, February 12, 2012

2012-02-12T02:23:00.005-08:00

ScienceDaily Environment Headlines

for Sunday, February 12, 2012

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Cannabis use doubles chances of vehicle crash (February 10, 2012) -- Drivers who consume cannabis within three hours of driving are nearly twice as likely to cause a vehicle collision as those who are not under the influence of drugs or alcohol claims a paper published today on bmj.com. ... > full story

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ScienceDaily Health Headlines -- for Sunday, February 12, 2012

2012-02-12T02:23:00.003-08:00

ScienceDaily Health Headlines

for Sunday, February 12, 2012

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ScienceDaily Technology Headlines -- for Sunday, February 12, 2012

2012-02-12T02:23:00.001-08:00

ScienceDaily Technology Headlines

for Sunday, February 12, 2012

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Piranha vs. Arapaima: Engineers find inspiration for new materials in piranha-proof armor (February 9, 2012) -- It's a matchup worthy of a late-night cable movie: put a school of starving piranha and a 300-pound fish together, and who comes out the winner? The surprising answer -- given the notorious guillotine-like bite of the piranha -- is Brazil's massive Arapaima fish. The secret to Arapaima's success lie in its intricately designed scales, which could provide "bioinspiration" for engineers looking to develop flexible ceramics. ... > full story

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ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines -- for Sunday, February 12, 2012

2012-02-12T02:22:00.001-08:00

ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines

for Sunday, February 12, 2012

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ScienceDaily Technology Headlines -- for Saturday, February 11, 2012

2012-02-11T02:22:00.005-08:00

ScienceDaily Technology Headlines

for Saturday, February 11, 2012

Welcome to another edition of ScienceDaily's email newsletter. You can change your subscription options or unsubscribe at any time.

Piranha vs. Arapaima: Engineers find inspiration for new materials in piranha-proof armor (February 9, 2012) -- It's a matchup worthy of a late-night cable movie: put a school of starving piranha and a 300-pound fish together, and who comes out the winner? The surprising answer -- given the notorious guillotine-like bite of the piranha -- is Brazil's massive Arapaima fish. The secret to Arapaima's success lie in its intricately designed scales, which could provide "bioinspiration" for engineers looking to develop flexible ceramics. ... > full story

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ScienceDaily Environment Headlines -- for Saturday, February 11, 2012

2012-02-11T02:22:00.003-08:00

ScienceDaily Environment Headlines

for Saturday, February 11, 2012

Welcome to another edition of ScienceDaily's email newsletter. You can change your subscription options or unsubscribe at any time.

Piranha vs. Arapaima: Engineers find inspiration for new materials in piranha-proof armor (February 9, 2012) -- It's a matchup worthy of a late-night cable movie: put a school of starving piranha and a 300-pound fish together, and who comes out the winner? The surprising answer -- given the notorious guillotine-like bite of the piranha -- is Brazil's massive Arapaima fish. The secret to Arapaima's success lie in its intricately designed scales, which could provide "bioinspiration" for engineers looking to develop flexible ceramics. ... > full story

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ScienceDaily Health Headlines -- for Saturday, February 11, 2012

2012-02-11T02:22:00.001-08:00

ScienceDaily Health Headlines

for Saturday, February 11, 2012

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Obesity is associated with altered brain function (February 9, 2012) -- Researchers have found new evidence for the role of the brain in obesity. ... > full story

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ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines -- for Saturday, February 11, 2012

2012-02-11T02:20:00.000-08:00

ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines

for Saturday, February 11, 2012

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Alien Matter in the Solar System: A Galactic Mismatch

2012-02-10T08:28:00.000-08:00

NASA Science News for Feb. 10, 2012

"Alien matter" detected by a NASA spacecraft orbiting Earth shows that the chemical make-up of our solar system differs from that of the surrounding galaxy. Researchers discuss the possible meaning of this mismatch in today's story from Science@NASA.

FULL STORY at http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2012/10feb_alienmatter/

A video version of this story is available at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=krDQFFkB84I

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ScienceDaily Health Headlines -- for Friday, February 10, 2012

2012-02-10T02:21:00.001-08:00

ScienceDaily Health Headlines

for Friday, February 10, 2012

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Fasting weakens cancer in mice (February 8, 2012) -- New study finds that short fasting cycles can work as well as chemotherapy, and the two combined greatly improve survival. ... > full story

Drinking large amounts of soft drinks associated with asthma and COPD (February 7, 2012) -- A high level of soft drink consumption is associated with asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, according to new research. ... > full story

Chlorhexidine umbilical cord care can save newborn lives (February 7, 2012) -- Cleansing a newborn's umbilical cord with chlorhexidine can reduce an infant's risk of infection and death during the first weeks of life by as much as 20 percent, according to a new study. The study is the latest in a series of studies showing that umbilical cord cleaning with chlorhexidine can save lives. ... > full story

Scientists use old theory to discover new targets in fight against breast cancer (February 7, 2012) -- Reviving a theory first proposed in the late 1800s that the development of organs in the normal embryo and the development of cancers are related, scientists have studied organ development in mice to unravel how breast cancers, and perhaps other cancers, develop in people. Their findings provide new ways to predict and personalize the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. ... > full story

Gaining insight into a gene's protective role in Parkinson's (February 7, 2012) -- Researchers have identified how a specific gene protects dopamine-producing neurons from dying in both animal models and in cultures of human neurons. ... > full story

Ovarian cancer risk related to inherited inflammation genes (February 7, 2012) -- Genes that are known to be involved in inflammation were found to be related to risk of ovarian cancer. ... > full story

New diet: Top off breakfast with -- chocolate cake? (February 7, 2012) -- In a study of nearly 200 clinically obese, non-diabetic adults, a researcher found that a 600-calorie breakfast that includes dessert as well as proteins and carbohydrates can help dieters lose weight and keep it off over the long term. Her research indicates that such a morning meal staves off cravings and defuses psychological addictions to sweet foods. ... > full story

Vitamin D deficiency high among trauma patients (February 7, 2012) -- New research has found that 77 percent of trauma patients had deficient or insufficient levels of vitamin D. ... > full story

Knee replacement may lower a patient's risk for mortality and heart failure, study suggests (February 7, 2012) -- New research highlights the benefits of total knee replacement. ... > full story

Competitive soccer linked to increased injuries and menstrual dysfunction in girls (February 7, 2012) -- In the US, there are nearly three million youth soccer players, and half of them are female. New research has found that despite reporting appropriate body perception and attitudes toward eating, elite youth soccer athletes face an increased risk for delayed or irregular menstruation. ... > full story

As Valentine's day approaches, cardiologist describes broken heart syndrome (February 7, 2012) -- People who have been unlucky in love are said to suffer from a "broken heart." A broken heart is an actual medical condition. Broken heart syndrome occurs during highly stressful or emotional times, such as a painful breakup, the death of a spouse or the loss of a job. ... > full story

First remote-control leg lengthening implant cleared by the FDA (February 7, 2012) -- A revolutionary new limb lengthening system developed by orthopedic surgeons represents a major advancement in the treatment of limb deformities. ... > full story

New non-invasive fat removal technologies offer alternative to liposuction for removing stubborn fat (February 7, 2012) -- Dermatologists are finding that the introduction of non-invasive fat removal technologies is opening the door for more people who are not candidates for liposuction to remove stubborn fat, safely and effectively. ... > full story

Lasers lighting the way for enhanced treatment of melasma and tattoo removal (February 7, 2012) -- On the surface, it would seem as though the skin condition melasma and tattoos would have little in common. However, they both affect a person’s skin, can be quite difficult to treat or remove and, now, dermatologists are discovering new laser therapies which enhance treatment for both conditions. ... > full story

New anti-aging treatments make it easier to turn back the clock (February 7, 2012) -- As we age, our skin undergoes a number of changes affecting its texture, volume and appearance. Fortunately, dermatologists can use fillers or lasers to correct the most notable signs of aging and can recommend skin care products with added ingredients that can further repair damaged skin. ... > full story

Study of live human neurons reveals Parkinson's origins (February 7, 2012) -- Parkinson’s disease researchers have discovered how mutations in the parkin gene cause the disease, which afflicts at least 500,000 Americans and for which there is no cure. ... > full story

Why bad immunity genes survive: Study implicates arms race between genes and germs (February 7, 2012) -- Biologists have found new evidence for why mice, people and other vertebrate animals carry thousands of varieties of genes to make immune-system proteins named MHCs -- even though some of those genes make us sick. ... > full story

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